Campanula rotundifolia, Belgium, prov. Liège, Angleur, Ourthe © Jean-Yves Baugnée

Campanula trachelium, Germany, Baden-Württemberg: Baden-Weiler (herbarium specimen)

mine

Upper-surface blotch, preceded by a very short corridor. Often several larvae in a mine. Frass in isolated grains. Pupation outside the mine; exit slit in upper epidermis.

hostplants

Campanulaceae, oligophagous

Asyneuma canescens; Campanula alliariifolia, barbata, bononiensis, carnica, glomerata, latifolia, morettiana, persicifolia, rapunculoides, rapunculus, rotundifolia, thyrsoides, trachelium; Legousia; Phyteuma nigrum, ovatum, scheuchzeri, spicatum.

Maček (1999a) mentions an observation on Eupatorium cannabinum; this probably concerns Calycomyza artemisiae.

phenology

Larvae in May and July (Hering, 1957a).

BENELUX

BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2007).

NE recorded (Ellis, 2002: Amstelveen.

LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2007).

distribution within Europe

Fram Scandinavia to the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, Servia and Rumania, and from Ireland to Poland (Fauna Europaea, 2007); also Bulgaria (Beiger, 1980a).

larva

synonyms

Phytobia, Dizygomyza, Campanulomyza, gyrans.

notes

Hering (1968a: 297) mentions the possibility that gyrans in fact is a micture of two species. One, exclusively living on C. trachelium, has several larvae per mine, the mine has no, or only a very short initial corridor, larvae from mid July with 4-5 papillae on the rear spiraculum. The second hypothetical species would live on all other hostplants mentioned, have solitary larvae (except where mines merge secondarily), mines with a clear initial corridor, larvae that occur three weeks earlier, with 3 papillae on the rear spiraculum. Spencer (1971b) adds that the mines in C. trachelium are large and greenish, while in other species they are small and whitish. However, he could not reproduce the difference in the rear spiraculum. The large difference between the two mines shown above illustrates the strong variation within this “species”.

references

Ahr (1966a), Beiger (1955a, 1960a, 1965a, 1980a), Buhr (1932a, 1941b, 1964a), Černý & Merz (2007a), Černý & Vála (1996a), Černý, Vála & Barták (2001a), Drăghia (1967a), Griffiths (1963b), Haase (1942a), Hering (1924b, 1925a, 1955b), Huber (1969a), Maček (1999a), Michalska (1970a, 1972a), de Meijere (1937a), Nowakowski (1954a), Pakalniškis (1986a), Papp & Černý (2016a), Sasakawa (1961a), Skala (1951a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Spencer (1971a, 1972a, 1976a), Starke (1942a), Starý (1930a), Süss (1982a), Süss & Moreschi (2003a), von Tschirnhaus (1999a).

29/03/2017