same mine, lighted from behind; the dark spot is the entirely frass-filled intestine of the larva

mine

Mine upper-surface, in the central part of the blade. Frass in a few large lumps; often (as in the picture above) all frass still is contained in the larva’s intestine. Larva solitary. Puparium in the mine, fixed ventrally with dried frass.

hostplants

Cyperaceae, monophagous

Carex acuta, acutiformis, flacca, hirta, nigra, paniculata, riparia, pseudocyperus, vesicaria.

C. hirta is the main hostplant.

phenology

Larvae from June to September (Nowakowski, 1973a).

BENELUX

BE recorded (Scheirs, De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus, 1999a).

NE recorded (Ellis, several localities).

LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2007).

distribution within Europe

From Sweden to France, and from the UK to the Baltic States, Poland and Hungary (Fauna Europaea, 2007).

larva

Described by Nowakowski (1973a). Rear spiracula at their base each with a large black wart with a deep “root”; the warts are clearly separated from each other. The surface of the wart of covered by an extremely fine spinulation. Rear spiracula with three claw-like papillae. Full grown larva large (about 1 cm), in life very transparant with a fat the shines through bright yellow at the rear end.

puparium

notes

A member of the subgenus Butomomyza (Nowakowski, 1973a).

references

Beiger (1970a), Černý (2001a, 2011a), Černý & Merz (2007a), Černý & Vála (1996a, 1999a), Černý, Vála & Barták (2001a), Martinez (1984a), Michalska (1976a), Nowakowski (1973a), Pakalniškis (1998a) Papp & Černý (2016a), Scheirs, De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus (1999a), Spencer (1971a, 1972a, 1976a), von Tschirnhaus (1999a), Zlobin (1986a).

27/03/2017