Liriomyza eupatorii (Kaltenbach, 1873)

Asteraceae

Liriomyza eupatorii: mine on Eupatorium cannabinum

Eupatorium cannabinum, Belgium, prov. Antwerp, Meerhout, Zeeploop, 17.vi.2016 © Carina Van Steenwinkel

Liriomyza eupatorii: occupied mine on Galeopsis spec.

Galeopsis spec., Belgium, prov. Limbourg, Ham, de Rammelaars, 14.vi.2013 © Carina Van Steenwinkel: occupied mine

Liriomyza eupatorii: vacated mines on Galeopsis spec.

Galeopsis spec., Belgium, prov. Antwerp, Olen, 13.viii.2017 © Carina Van Steenwinkel: two vacated mines

Liriomyza eupatorii: vacated mine on Galeopsis spec.

Galeopsis spec., Belgium, prov. Limbourg, Meldert, Schurfert, 16.viii.2016 © Carina Van Steenwinkel: unusually heavy frass line

Liriomyza eupatorii: mine on Eupatorium cannabinum

Eupatorium cannabinum, Bergen NH

Eupatorium cannabinum, Bergsche Heide

Liriomyza eupatorii: mine on Galeopsis tetrahit

Galeopsis tetrahit, Belgium, prov. Namur, Olloy-sur-Viroin © Stéphane Claerebout

Galeopsis spec., Welna estate © Hans Jonkman

mine

Upper-surface corridor. The first part is wound in a dense spiral that quickly turns brown. The spiral continues in a long, generally unbranched corridor that maintains almost the same width. Frass in long thick strings. When the mine is positioned near the leaf margin the spiral part may be missing; the thick frass strings then are sufficiently characteristic. Pupation outside the mine; exit slit in lower epidermis.

hostplants

Asteraceae & Lamiaceae; narrowly polyphagous

Aster; Euptorium aromaticum, cannabinum; Galeopsis angustifolia, pubescens, segetum, speciosa, tetrahit; Helianthus; Lapsana communis; Solidago virgaurea.

A very common species, mostly found on Eupatorium and Galeopsis, Ostrauskas, Pakalniškis & Taluntytė (2003a, Lithuania) report the species from Stachys arvensis.

phenology

Larvae in May-June and July-August (Hering, 1957a).

BENELUX

BE recorded (De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus, 1991a).

NE recorded (de Meijere, 1924a).

LUX recorded (Ellis: Kautenbach, Hobscheid, Dudelange).

distribution within Europe

From Scandinavia to the Iberian Peninsula and Italy, and from Ireland to Estonia, Poland and Hungary (Fauna Europaea, 2008).

larva

synonyms

Liriomyza fasciola eupatorii; Liriomyza orbitella Hendel, 1931.

Papp & Černý (2018a) noted a strong similarity, both in external morphology and genitalia, between L. eupatorii and L. pusilla, and on that argument sink eupatorii in synonymy of pusilla. Given the large dissimilarity in biology of the two species, and in the absence experimental confirmation or at least a study of the DNA, this synonymy is a rash and unjustified action.

references

Beiger (1955a, 1960a, 1970a, 1979a), Beuk (2002a), Buhr (1932a, 1941b, 1964a), De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus (1991a), Černý (2001a), Černý, Barták & Roháček (2004a), Černý & Merz (2007a), Černý & Vála (1999a), Černý, Vála & Barták (2001a), Ci̇velek, Çikman & Dursun (2008a), Drăghia (1968a), Eiseman & Lonsdale (2018a), van Frankenhuyzen, Houtman & Kabos (1982a), Gil Ortiz (2009a), Haase (1942a), Hartig (1939a), Hering (1921a, 1955a), Huber (1969a), Kabos (1971a), Kvičala (1938a), Maček (1999a), de Meijere (1924a, 1925a, 1939a), Michalska (1970a, 1972a, 1976a, 2003a), Michna (1975a), Nowakowski (1954a), Ostrauskas, Pakalniškis & Taluntytė (2003a), Pakalniškis (1982b,1990a), Papp & Černý (2018a), Robbins (1991a), Rydén (1926a), Scheirs, De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus (1995a), Scheirs, De Bruyn & Verdyck (1993a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Spencer (1954a,b, 1972a, 1976a), Stammer (2016a), Starý (1930a), Süss (1979a), Starke (1942a), von Tschirnhaus (1999a), Ureche (2010a), Zoerner (1969a, 1970a).