Phytomyza lappae Goureau, 1851

Arctium sp., Nieuwendam


Arctium sp., Hilversum, Zwarte Berg: frass pattern
Arctium spec., Hungary, Mosonmagyaróvár, 1.vi.2018 © László Érsek
larva in the mine
larva, ventral
mine
Long, little widening corridor. The first part is contorted, and its very first stretch is lower-surface; all other parts are upper-surface. The lower-surface part is visible as a light patch when illuminated from behind. The corridor often looks rather angular, because it tends to follow a vein over a considerable distance. Frass in rather large, well-spaced grains, often deposited at the same side of the corridor for a considerable length. Often several mines in leaf, that may seem white then when seen from a distance. Pupation outside the mine; exit slit in upper epidermis.
host plants
Asteraceae, monophagous
Arctium lappa, minus, nemorosum, tomentosum.
References in literature to Diervilla cannot be but due to xenophagy.
Phytomyza cynoglossi, according to Hering (1930b, 1957a) living on Cynoglossum, is according to von Tschirnhaus (1999a) a synonym of lappae. If the synonymy is correct, something must have gone wrong with the breeding – or the other way round.
phenology
Larvae from May till October (Hering, 1957a).
BENELUX
BE recorded (De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus, 1991a).
NE recorded (de Meijere, 1924a).
LUX recorded (Ellis: Hockslay).
distribution within Europe
From Scandinavia and Finland to the Pyrenees, Italy and Thrace, and from the UK to Bulgaria (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
larva
synonyms
Phytomyza femoralis von Roser, 1840; Ph. lappina Goureau, 1851; Ph. arctii (Kaltenbach, 1856); Ph. cynoglossi Hering, 1930.
notes
The description of the larva by de Meijere (1926a, 1928a) is based on a mix of several species. Similarly the descriptions of the larva by Kuroda (1960a) and Sasakawa (1961a) must be used with caution, since they are based in part on larvae isolated from non Arctium plant material.
references
Ahr (1966a), Beiger (1955a, 1960a, 1970a, 1978a, 1979a), Beuk (2002a), De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus (1991a), Buhr (1932a, 1941b, 1964a), Černý (2001a), Černý & Vála (1996a), Černý, Vála & Barták (2001a), Ci̇velek, Çikman & Dursun (2008a), Csóka (2003a), Dempewolf (2001a), Drăghia (1967a, 1968a, 1970a, 1971a, 1974a), Dreger & Myssura (2005a), van Frankenhuyzen Houtman & Kabos (1982a), Hering (1926b, 1930b, 1932g, 1936b, 1955b, 1957a), Huber (1969a), Griffiths (1962a), Kabos (1971a), Kuroda (1960a), Kvičala (1938a), Maček (1999a), Manning (1956a), Marshall (2017a), Masetti, Lanzoni, Burgio & Süss (2004a), de Meijere (1924a, 1926a, 1928a, 1939a), Michalska (1970a, 1972a, 1976a, 2003a), Nowakowski (1954a), Ostrauskas, Pakalniškis & Taluntytė (2003a), Pakalniškis (1982b), Popescu-Gorj & Drăghia (1968a), Robbins (1991a) Rydén (1926a), Sasakawa (1961a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Spencer (1953a, 1972a, 1976a), Stammer (2016a), Starke (1942a), Starý (1930a), Stolnicu (2007a, 2008a), Surányi (1942a). von Tschirnhaus (1999a), Ureche (2010a), Zoerner (1969a).