Pseudonapomyza atra (Meigen, 1830)
mine
Transparant, short and narrow mine not far from the leaf tip. Frass in two rows of grains. Pupation outside the mine.
host plants
Poaceae, widely oligophagous
Agrostis; Apera spica-venti; Arrhenatherum elatius; Avena sativa; Dactylis glomera; Elytrigia repens; Holcus; Hordeum vulgare; Lolium perenne; Phalaris; Poa; Schedonorus giganteus; Secale cereale; Trisetum; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays.
phenology
Larvae in May and July (Hering, 1957a).
BENELUX
BE recorded (De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus, 1991a).
NE recorded (de Meijere, 1924a).
LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
distribution within Europe
All of Europe, except Ireland and the Balkan Peninsula (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
larva
puparium
Also in the shining reddish-brown puparium the spines are well visible (de Meijere, 1925a, 1928a, 1943a)..
synonyms
Phytomyza atra; Ph. morio Zetterstedt, 1848; Ph. acuticornis Loew, 1858; Ph. nitidula Malloch, 1913; Napomyza hindustanica Garg, 1971; Pseudonapomyza stanionyteae Pakalniškis, 1992.
notes
In Belgium the related Pseudonapomyza europaea has been found (Scheirs, De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus, 1995a). This species has been described by Spencer (1973b) from southeastern Europe. Larva and host plant are unknown.
references
Andersen (2012a), Andersen & Jonassen (1994a), Beiger (1958a, 1989a), Benavent, Martínez, Moreno & Jiménez (2004a), Beuk (2002a), De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus (1991a), Černý (1998a, 2001a,b, 2007a, 2004a,b, 2011a), Černý, Andrade, Gonçalves & von Tschirnhaus (2018a), Černý, Barták & Roháček (2004a), Černý & Merz (2005a, 2006a, 2007a), Černý & Vála (1999a, 2006a), Černý, Vála & Barták (2001a), Ci̇velek, Çikman & Dursun (2008a), Darvas & Papp (1985a), van Frankenhuyzen, Houtman & Kabos (1982a), Gil Ortiz (2009a), Hering (1943a, 1954a, 1955b, 1957a), Kabos (1971), de Meijere (1924a, 1925a, 1928a, 1939a, 1941a, 1943a), Pakalniškis (1986a, 1990a, 1998a), Papp & Černý (2018a), Robbins (1991a), Scheirs, De Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus (1995a), Spencer (1972a,b, 1976a), Starý (1930a), Süss (1982a), von Tschirnhaus (1999a), Venturi (1939a), Withers (2007a).