Pegomya steini Hendel, 1925
on thistles
Cirsium vulgare, Belgium, prov. Limbourg, Lommel, 13.vi.2013 © Carina Van Steenwinkel
same mine lighted from behind
another specimen
in backlight
puparium
a single egg at the underside of the leaf
Cirsium vulgare, Belgium, prov. Flemish Brabant, Zichem, de Demerbroeken, 20.vi.2016 © Carina Van Steenwinkel
Cirsium vulgare, Nieuwendam
Cirsium arvense: egg, and surface sculpture
mine
Large, very transparant blotch, with primary and secundary feeding lines. In the centre a concentration of black frass. Mines can coalesce, and then contain several larvae. At the start of the mine, at the leaf underside, a white egg shell. Howevver, the larva can leave its mine and restart elsewehere, therefore mines without an egg shell may occur as well.
hostplants
Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous
Carduus acanthoides, crispus, defloratus, hamulosus, nutans; Cirsium acaulon, appendiculatum, arvense, erisithales, helenioides, oleraceum, palustre, spinosissimum, vulgare.
Rarely also on Cynara cardunculus (Buhr, 1933a; Hering, 1957a); Hartig (1939a) also mentions Onopordon acanthium; reared by Bland & Godfray (1992a) from Saussurea alpina.
phenology
Larvae observed from June to August.
BENELUX
BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
NE recorded (Ellis, several localities).
LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
distribution within Europe
From Scandinavia tot the Pyrenees and Austria, and from the Uk to Poland (Fauna Europaea, 2008); also Spain (Hering (1936b), Hungary (Surányi, 1942a), Bulgaria (Buhr, 1941b), and Slovenia (Maček, 1999a).
larva
references
Ahr (1966a), Amsel & Hering (1931a, 1933a), Beiger (1955a, 1960a, 1979a), Bland & Godfray (1992a), Buhr (1933a, 1941b, 1964a), Drăghia (1967a), Dušek (1970a), Hartig (1939a), Hering (1936b, 1957a, 1967a), Huber (1969a), Maček (1999a), Michalska (1970a, 1976a), Niblett (1956a), Nowakowski (1954a), Ostrauskas, Pakalniškis & Taluntytė (2003a), Robbins (1991a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Starý (1930a), Surányi (1942a), Teschner (1999a), Ureche (2010a), de Vos-de Wilde (1935a).