Pegomya steini Hendel, 1925

on thistles

Cirsium vulgare, Belgium, prov. Limbourg, Lommel, 13.vi.2013 © Carina Van Steenwinkel

same mine lighted from behind

another specimen

in backlight

puparium

a single egg at the underside of the leaf

Cirsium vulgare, Belgium, prov. Flemish Brabant, Zichem, de Demerbroeken, 20.vi.2016 © Carina Van Steenwinkel

Cirsium vulgare, Nieuwendam

Cirsium arvense: egg, and surface sculpture

mine

Large, very transparant blotch, with primary and secundary feeding lines. In the centre a concentration of black frass. Mines can coalesce, and then contain several larvae. At the start of the mine, at the leaf underside, a white egg shell. Howevver, the larva can leave its mine and restart elsewehere, therefore mines without an egg shell may occur as well.

hostplants

Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous

Carduus acanthoides, crispus, defloratus, hamulosus, nutans; Cirsium acaulon, appendiculatum, arvense, erisithales, helenioides, oleraceum, palustre, spinosissimum, vulgare.

Rarely also on Cynara cardunculus (Buhr, 1933a; Hering, 1957a); Hartig (1939a) also mentions Onopordon acanthium; reared by Bland & Godfray (1992a) from Saussurea alpina.

phenology

Larvae observed from June to August.

BENELUX

BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).

NE recorded (Ellis, several localities).

LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).

distribution within Europe

From Scandinavia tot the Pyrenees and Austria, and from the Uk to Poland (Fauna Europaea, 2008); also Spain (Hering (1936b), Hungary (Surányi, 1942a), Bulgaria (Buhr, 1941b), and Slovenia (Maček, 1999a).

larva

references

Ahr (1966a), Amsel & Hering (1931a, 1933a), Beiger (1955a, 1960a, 1979a), Bland & Godfray (1992a), Buhr (1933a, 1941b, 1964a), Drăghia (1967a), Dušek (1970a), Hartig (1939a), Hering (1936b, 1957a, 1967a), Huber (1969a), Maček (1999a), Michalska (1970a, 1976a), Niblett (1956a), Nowakowski (1954a), Ostrauskas, Pakalniškis & Taluntytė (2003a), Robbins (1991a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Starý (1930a), Surányi (1942a), Teschner (1999a), Ureche (2010a), de Vos-de Wilde (1935a).