Hapleginella laevifrons (Loew, 1858)
on conifers
parasite
Larvae in cones that are damaged by Lepidoptera larvae. They feed on the frass and/or decaying plant material, therefore cannot really be considered parasites.
host plants
Pinaceae, monophagous
distribution within Europe
PESI (2021).
synonyms
Hapleginella laevifrons is not mentioned in PESI. The relation with Hapleginella laevicollis (Zetterstedt, 1858) that is mentioned is not clear.
references
Ismay (0000a), Nartshuk (2010a), Nartshuk & Andersson (2012a).