Americina vittata (Meigen, 1826)

Paris quadrifolia, Belgium, prov Hainaut, Chimay, Virelles © Sébastien Carbonnelle
mine
Large blotch with a group of some larvae. At the start of the mine a group of elliptic egg shells. Pupation outside the mine.
host plants
Monocots (Asparagales): narrowly polyphagous
Cephalanthera damasonium, rubra; Convallaria majalis; Cypripedium calceolus; Dactylorhiza, maculata, majalis; Epipactis helleborine, palustris; Gymnadenia conopsea; Majanthemum bifolium; Neottia ovata; Orchis mascula, purpurea; Paris quadrifolia; Platanthera bifolia, chlorantha; Polygonatum multiflorum, odoratum, verticillatum.
phenology
Larvae in May-August (Hering, 1957a).
BENELUX
BE recorded (Gosseries, 1991b).
NE recorded (de Meijere, 1939a).
LUX recorded (Ellis: Kautenbach).
distribution within Europe
From Scandinavia and northern Russia to the Iberian Peninsula, the Alps and Hungary, and from Ireland to Poland (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
larva
puparium
synonyms
Chylizosoma vittatum; Parallelomma paridis (Hering, 1923); P. convallariae (Kaltenbach, 1873); P. beckeri Séguy, 1932; P. paucheti Séguy, 1932; P. hostae Hering, 1955; P. sasakawae Hering, 1955; P. albamentum Séguy, 1963. These synonymies, mainly based on Sifner (2008a), do not go unchallenged; Hackman (1956a, 1957a), Spitzer (1972a), and Nelson (1990a) rather think of a group of closely related species, with in any case paridis (on Majanthemum, Paris and Polygonatum) and probably also paucheti (on Majanthemum and Paris) are valid species. Ball (2007a, 2014a) supposes that paridis at least lives on Paris, vittatum on Orchidaceae.
Phaonia fuscata Fallén, 1825) has, under the synonymous name Helina buhri Hering, 1935, incorrectly been associated by Hering (1935a) with a mine of A. vittata (Hering, 1957a).
notes
Generally four or five eggs are placed together, and the clutch on the photo below is exceptional. Only two larvae in this mine wew fully developed; the other eight had died as young larvae. Yet the mine did not occupy the leaf by far: apparently there was no shortage of food.
The biology of the arctic A. sellata (Hackman, 1956) is not known, but quite possibly it resembles the one of A. vittata. Its larva is unknown.

Polygonatum multiflorum, Amstelveen, JP Thijssepark
synonyms
Chylizosoma vittatum, Parallelomma vittata
references
Ahr (1966a), Ball (2007a, 2014a), Beiger (1970a), Buhr (1933a, 1964a), Eiseman (2018a), Hackman (1956a, 1957a), Hartig (1939a), Hayhow (1999a), Hering (1920a, 1921a, 1923a, 1924b, 1935a, 1957a), Huber (1969a), de Jong (2002a), Maček (1999a), de Meijere (1939a, 1940b), Michalska (1976a), Nelson (1990a), Nowakowski (1954a), Püchel (1999a), Robbins (1991a), Sifner (2008a), Sønderup (1949a), Spitzer (1972a), Starý (1930a), Zoerner (1969a).