Cheilosia proxima (Zetterstedt, 1843)
common thistle-cheilosia
on thistles
parasite
The larvae bore spiralled gallery in the roots; according to Rotheray the final instar lives freely among the mass of lateral roots; Pupation in the soil.
host plants
Asteraceae, monophagous
Cirsium oleraceum, palustre, spinosissinum.
Müller mentions the species from Centaurea spp. That is unlikely.
phenology
Hibernation as puparium.
distribution within Europe
larva
See Rotheray.
references
Müller (1989a), Reemer, Renema, van Steenis ao (2009a), Rotheray (1988b), Speight (2017a), Stuke, Malec & Kehlmaier (2004a).