Urophora cardui (Linnaeus, 1758)
canada thistle gall fly
on Cirsium

Cirsium arvense, Flevoland, Reve-Abbertbos, 8.viii.2016 © Hans Jonkman

Cirsium arvense, Belgium © Jean-Yves Baugnée

Cirsium arvense, Wellerlooi, 2.viii.2011

Cirsium arvense, Biddinghuizen, Spijk- en Bremerbergbos, 10.viii.2016 © Hans Jonkman; here not the stem is galled, but the midrib of a leaf

Cirsium arvense, Tilburg, de Blaak, 23.viii.2006 larvae sticks with its rear end out if its tunnel in the gall

three larvae (one still without black rear end) and an ectoparasitoid
Cirsium arvense, France, dépt. Pas-de-Calais, Saint-Josse, 25.viii.2023 © Pierre Duhem
opened gall
host plants
Asteraceae, narrowly monophagous
Cirsium arvense, creticum, oleraceum.
synonyms
Euribia cardui.
inquilines
references
Baugnée (2006a,c), Béguinot (2001c, 2002a), Bellmann (2012a), Blanes-Dalmau, Caballero-López & Pujade-Villar (2017a), Buhr (1964b), Chinery (2011a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Deckert & Deckert (2016a), Dietrich (2016a), Dirlbeck & Dirlbeck (1994a), Flügel (2016a), Ilie & Marinescu (2011a), Houard (1909a), Klasa, Kaczorowska & Soszyński (2011a), Klasa & Palaczyk (2020a), Koops (2013a), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Lambinon, Schneider & Feitz (2001b), Lehmann & Flügel (2012a), Lehmann & Hannover (2016a), Lutovinovas (2014a), Marshall (2017a), Niblett (1940a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Smit (2010a), Spooner & Bowdrey (2012a), Stănescu (2009a), Tomasi (2014a), Tóth (1969a), White (1988a), White & Korneyev (1998a).