Urophora quadrifasciata (Meigen, 1826)
on Centaurea, Cyanus, Serratula
gall
larvae live solitarily in a achene that is swollen, with a flimsy wall and an opening at its tip.
host plants
Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous
Centaurea alba, aspera, aucheri, breviceps, calcitrapa, cariensis, decipiens, diffusa, iberica, jacea, margaritacea, nigra, nigrescens, pallescens, paniculata, pinetorum, procurrens, scabiosa, sicula, solstitialis, sterilis, stoebe, thuillieri, virgata; Cyanus segetum; Echinops ritro; Serratula tinctoria.
predators
synonyms
Euribia quadrifasciata.
references
Alexander (1993a), Baugnée (2006a), Béguinot (2000b, 2001c), Buhr (1964b), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Dirlbeck (1974a), Dirlbeck & Dirlbeck (1994a), Ebejer (2015a), Fazel, Fallahzadeh & Gheibi (2011a), Fusu (2017a), Houard (1909a), Khaghaninia & Gharajedaghi (2012a), Khaghaninia, Gharajedaghi, Zarghani & Pour Abad (2012a), Klasa, Kaczorowska & Soszyński (2011a), >Kütük (2006b), Kütük, Yaran, Torbali, ao (2019a), Lutovinovas (2014a), Merz & Blasco-Zumeta (1995a), Mohamadzade Namin & Nozari (2011a), Mohamadzade Namin, Nozari & Najarpoor (2010a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roskam (2009a), Shorthouse (1989a), Smit (2010a), Spooner & Bowdrey (2012a), Tavares (1905a), Tóth (1969a), White (1988a), White & Korneyev (1998a).