Actinoptera discoidea (Fallén, 1814)

on Gnaphalium, Helichrysum

gall

in spring the larvae induces an onion-shaped, almost a cm high rosette gall. In summer either a fusiform, up to 6 mm long swelling of a stem or the larve lives in the sclerified receptacle; larva a white maggot, always solitary.

host plants

Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous

Gnaphalium sylvaticum, uliginosum; Helichrysum arenarium.

references

Buhr (1964b), Khaghaninia & Gharajedaghi (2012a).