Schizomyia galiorum Kieffer, 1889
on Galium
Galium verum, Norway, Årnestangen, 13.vii.2020 © Hallvard Elven: female
Galium verum, Norway, Årnestangen, 13.vii.2020 © Hallvard Elven: female
Galium verum, Norway, Årnestangen, 13.vii.2020 © Hallvard Elven: female
Galium verum, Belgium, prov. Limbourg, Maasmechelen, Maesbempder Greend, 18.ix.2020 © Carina Van Steenwinkel
opened gall with larvae
head and sternum, with spatula
spatula with adjacent papillae
the terminal segment bears a pair of vertical thorns
entire larva, dorsal, to show the position of the thorns.
anus
Galium verum, galls (from Houard, 1909a)
Galium verum, Belgium, prov. Luxembourg, Durbuy, la vieille Briqueterie de Rome, 18.vii.2015 © Carina Van Steenwinkel
Galium mollugo, Belgium, prov. Liège, Tihange © Jean-Yves Baugnée
Galium mollugo, Belgium, prov. Liège, Ben-Ahin, Lovegnée-Bosquet, 4.x.2011 © Jean-Yves Baugnée
gall
The gall is distinguished from the one of Aceria galiobia (that also may occur in the inflorescence) by the fact that the flower bud is strongly enlarged, but nevertheless remains recognisable as such. One to three orange larvae share a gall. Inside of the gall lined with nutritive mycelium. There are two generations per year. Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a) write that full-grown larvae leave the gall to pupate in the ground, but Redfern & Shirley (2011a) maintain that also pupae may be found in the galls.
host plants
Rubiaceae, oligophagous
Asperula ciliata, cynanchica, purpurea; Cruciata glabra; Galium album, aristatum, broterianum, debile, glaucum, intermedium, lucidum, mollugo, odoratum, pumilum, rubrum, saxatile, sylvaticum, verum; Rubia peregrina.
larva
spatula with papillae (from Möhn, 1955a)
inquilines
references
Béguinot (2001c, 2002e, 2007b, 2012a), Bellmann (2012a), Bennalick (2012a), Blanes-Dalmau, Caballero-López & Pujade-Villar (2017a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1964b, 1965a), Burton, Ellis & Schneider (2022a), Cogolludo (1921a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Dietrich (2016a), Gagné (2010a), Houard (1909a), Kieffer (1901a), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Lehmann & Hannover (2016a), Máca (2012a), Mik (1889a), Möhn (1955a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Rohfritsch (1992a, 2008a), Roskam (2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Simova-Tošić & Skuhravá (2001a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1996a, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá (2006a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1988a, 1992b, 1994a,b, 1997a, 1999a,b, 2005c, 2006a, 2007a, 2008a, 2009a,b, 2010a,b, 2012a, 2021a: 117), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Blasco-Zumeta & Pujade-Villar (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Tavares (1905a), Tomasi (2014a).