Haplodiplosis marginata (von Roser, 1840)
saddle gall midge, black cereal midge
on grasses
gall
The culm, usually aboven the uppermost node, with one or more narrow saddle-shaped depressions. In each one blood red larva. Hibernation, and then pupation, in the ground.
host plants
Poaceae, oligophagous
Alopecurus myosuroides; Arrhenatherum elatius; Avena sativa; Dactylis glomerata; Elytrygia intermedia subsp. trichophora, repens; Holcus mollis; Hordeum vulgare; Lolium temulentum; Phleum pratense; Poa pratensis; Schedonorus pratensis; Secale cereale; Triticum aestivum.
larva
spatula with papillae (from Möhn, 1955a)
synonyms
Clinodiplosis, Diplosis, Haplodiplosis, equestris Wagner, 1871.
parasitoids, predators
notes
A pest in cereal crops.
Generally, the larvae pupate in the soil unprotected. However, in some regions of western Europe the larvae do spin a cocoon, presumably as a protection against unfavourable weather conditions, especially drought (Censier ao, 2014a).
references
Buhr (1964b, 1965a), Censier, Chavalle, Knor, De Proft, Bodson & Skuhravá (2014a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Gagné (2010a), Houard (1908a), Möhn (1955a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roskam (2009a, 2019a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Rübsaamen (1895a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá & Skuhravý (2000a, 2004a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1994a, 1999a, 2021a: 28. 133), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a).