Ballota nigra, France, dép. Pas-de-Calais, Platier d’Oye © Sébastien Carbonnelle

gall

Leaves of the stem tips rolled inwards, forming a tight cluster. Also the axillary buds can be enlarged and gaping. Larvae gregarious, white, jumping. One or two generations. Pupation in the ground.

host plants

Lamiaceae, monophagous

Balllota nigra & subsp. foetida.

references

Buhr (1964b), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Gagné (2010a), Houard (1909a), Kieffer (1901b), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1996a, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1994a, 1997b, 1999a, 2002a, 2008a, 2021a: 48), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Tomasi (2014a).