Picea sp., Belgium, prov. Namur, Couvin © Sébastien Carbonnelle

gall

The larva develops within a seed, that discolours, and becomes somewhat disfigured. The larva is solitary, yellow to yellow-pink; the development takes three years.

host plants

Pinaceae, monophagous

Picea abies, glauca, obovata, pungens.

larva

spatula (from Nijveldt)

references

Barnes (1951a), Buhr (1965a), Gagné (2010a), Nijveldt (1997a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Seifert, Wermelinger & Schneider (2003a), Skrzypczyńska (1982a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1997a, 1999a, 2006a, 2007a, 2009a, 2010a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Carbonnelle (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a).