Pinus sylvestris, Belgium, prov. Liège, Theux © Jean-Yves Baugnée

gall

Larva orange red, generally solitary; univoltine; pupation in the soil.

host plants

Pinaceae, monophagous

Pinus halepensis, mugo, nigra, pinaster, pinea, sylvestris.

larva

There is no spatula, but the papillae of this region are present (from Möhn, 1955a)

references

Barnes (1951a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1965a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Docters van Leeuwen (1936a), Gagné (2010a), Houard (1908a), Kollár (2007a, 2011a), Lambinon, Schneider & Feitz (2001b), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roskam (2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1996a, 1997a, 2000a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1994a,b, 1999a,b, 2003a, 2005b, 2009a, 2010a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Blasco-Zumeta & Pujade-Villar (2006a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1997b), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Carbonnelle (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Kettani (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Tomasi (2003a, 2012a).