Semudobia betulae (Winnertz, 1853)
on Betula
Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: female
Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: female
Betula pubescens, Norway, Inndyr, Holmvatnet, 21.vii.2019 © Hallvard Elven: gall
Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: gall
Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: gall
Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: gall
Betula pendula, Norway, Ellingsrud, Munkebekken, 23.ii.2021 © Hallvard Elven: male
Betula pendula, Loenen (Ge), 10.vi.2020 © Arnold Grosscurt: normal gall, double gall, and two ungalled nutlets
opened double gall
Betula pendula, Amstelveen, Schinkelbos, 18.ix.2007; occupies gall; often the wings of the fruitlet are more severely malformed then the case is here
Betula pendula, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, 20.viii.2008; vacated gall
Betula pendula, Vreeland, Lambertskade, 11.viii.2012: larva
Betula pendula, Diemen, 17.x.2006; parasitised gall
gall
Characteristically, the wings of the fruitles are still present, but irregular and disfigured. The gall has large and conspicuous window (preformed exit opening). The gall contains a single, orange, larva. The larva hibernates in the gall and pupates in spring.
host plants
Betulaceae, monophagous
Betula nana, pendula, pubescens, pubescens var. glabrata.
Preference for B.pendula (Roskam & van Uffelen)
larva
prosternum with spatula (from Möhn, 1955a)
synonyms
Oligotrophus betulae.
inquilines
parasitoids, predators
references
Bachmaier (1965a), Barnes (1951a), Béguinot (2006b, 2012a), Bellmann (2007b, 2012a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1964b), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Gagné (2010a), Grosscurt (2022b), Houard (1908a), Koops (2013a), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Lambinon, Schneider & Feitz (2001b), Möhn (1955a), Popescu (2009a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roques, Cleary, Matsiakh & Eschem (2017a), Roskam (1977a, 1979a, 2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Roskam & van Uffelen (1981a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá Skuhravý (1996a, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1988a, 1997a,b, 1999a,b, 2005b,c, 2006a, 2007a, 2009a, 2010a,b, 2012a, 2021a: 52), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Buhr (2013a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Carbonnelle (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Tomasi (2014a).