Semudobia betulae (Winnertz, 1853)

on Betula

Betula pendula, Loenen (Ge), 10.vi.2020 © Arnold Grosscurt: normal gall, double gall, and two ungalled nutlets

opened double gall

Betula pendula, Amstelveen, Schinkelbos, 18.ix.2007; occupies gall; often the wings of the fruitlet are more severely malformed then the case is here

Betula pendula, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, 20.viii.2008; vacated gall

Betula pendula, Vreeland, Lambertskade, 11.viii.2012: larva

Betula pendula, Diemen, 17.x.2006; parasitised gall

gall

Characteristically, the wings of the fruitles are still present, but irregular and disfigured. The gall has large and conspicuous window (preformed exit opening). The gall contains a single, orange, larva. The larva hibernates in the gall and pupates in spring.

host plants

Betulaceae, monophagous

Betula nana, pendula, pubescens, pubescens var. glabrata.

Preference for B.pendula (Roskam & van Uffelen)

larva

prosternum with spatula (from Möhn, 1955a)

synonyms

Oligotrophus betulae.

inquilines

Dasineura interbracta.

parasitoids, predators

Torymus nitidulus.

references

Bachmaier (1965a), Barnes (1951a), Béguinot (2006b, 2012a), Bellmann (2007b, 2012a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1964b), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Gagné (2010a), Houard (1908a), Koops (2013a), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Lambinon, Schneider & Feitz (2001b), Möhn (1955a), Popescu (2009a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roques, Cleary, Matsiakh & Eschem (2017a), Roskam (1977a, 1979a, 2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Roskam & van Uffelen (1981a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá Skuhravý (1996a, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skrzypczyńska (2007a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1988a, 1997a,b, 1999a,b, 2005b,c, 2006a, 2007a, 2009a, 2010a,b, 2012a, 2021a: 52), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Buhr (2013a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Carbonnelle (2017a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Tomasi (2014a).