Penestragania apicalis (Osborn & Ball, 1898)

on Gleditsia

parasite

Larvae and adults free on the leaves.

host plants

Fabaceae, monophagous

Gleditsia triacanthos.

phenology

ivoltine of Univoltine; hibernation as egg.

distribution within Europe

France, Switzerland, Germany and Austria .

notes

North American species; for observation in Europe in 2012, but probably arrived many years before.

references

Callot & Matocq (2014a), Lock (2019a), Mühlehaler, Holzinger, Nickel & Wachmann (2018a), Nickel, Callot, Knop, ao (2013a), d’Urso, Sánchez & Bella (2019a).