Ilex aquifolium, Hardenberg © Arnold Grosscurt

the aphids

gall

Aphids live on spring on the young leaves, that curl inwards.

hostplants

Aquifoliaceae, monophagous

Ilex aquifolium.

on Orchidaceae, secondary host plants

Epipactis helleborine, UK © Bob Dransfield & Bob Brightwell, InfluentialPoints

parasiet

Aphids on the curled leaves.

host plants

Orchidaceae, oligophagous

Cephalanthera damasonium; Epipactis helleborine.

synonyms

Aphis epipactis Theobald, 1927.

references

Blackman & Eastop (2014) Buhr (1964b), Cogolludo (1921a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Heie (1986a), Houard (1909a), Kollár (2007a), Lampel & Meier (2007a), Nieto Nafría, Mier Durante, García Prieto & Pérez Hidalgo (2005a), Nieto Nafría, Muñoz Martínez & Mier Durante (1987a), Osiadacz & Wojciechowski (2008a), Pérez Hidalgo, Martínez Peláez & Nieto Nafría (2001a), Piron (2017a), Roskam (2009a, 2019a), Tavares (1905a), Tomasi (2014a), Wojciechowski, Depa, Halgoš ao (2016a).