Kaltenbachiella pallida (Haliday, 1838)
elm–mint leaf-base gall aphid
on Ulmus, primary host plant
Ulmus, Brummen: gall, upperside; © Arnold Grosscurt
underside
opened gall, with fundatrix and her offspring
Ulmus minor, Spain, prov. León, Morales del Arcediano: upperside; © Nicolás Pérez
underside
mature gall
Ulmus x hollandica, Geervliet: old gall; © Ben van As
gall
when the galls are ripe, they get a star-like opening at the top, releasing the winged aphids that will colonize the secondary hostplants.
host plants
Ulmaceae, monophagous
Ulmus glabra, x hollandica, laevis, minor, procera.
on Lamiaceae, secondary host plants
gall
aphids live on the roots.
host plants
Lamiaceae, oligophagous
Galeopsis; Mentha x piperita, suaveolens; Origanum; Stachys; Thymus.
synonyms
Pemphigus pallidus.
notes
In Central Europe the species can live permanently without host plant alternation on the secondary host plants (Heie, 1980). Perhaps this explains the rarity of the gall.
references
Barbagallo, Binazzi, Pennacchio & Pollini (2011a), Barbagallo & Massimino Cocuzza (2014a), Bellmann (2012a), Blackman & Eastop (2013), Blanes-Dalmau, Caballero-López & Pujade-Villar (2017a), Börner & Franz (1956a), Buhr (1965a), Cogolludo (1921a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Durak, Durak & Borowiak-Sobkowiak (0000a, 2011a), Heie (1980a), Hellrigl (2004a), Houard (1908a), Pérez Hidalgo & Umaran del Campo (2013a), Kollár (2011a), Koops (2013a), Máca (2012a), Nieto Nafría, Mier Durante, Binazzi & Pérez Hidalgo (2002a), Pérez Hidalgo, Martínez Peláez & Nieto Nafría (2001a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Ripka, Reider & Szalay-Marzsó (1998a), Roskam (2009a), Tavares (1905a), Tomasi (2003a, 2014a), Wojciechowski, Depa, Halgoš ao (2016a).