Pistacia terebinthus, Spain, prov. Léon, San Juan de Paluezas © Nicolás Pérez

gall

There are two types of galls.The fundatrix lives in a small open gall at the top of a leaflet, generally the odd leaflet of the leaf. Her offspring lives in a reddish, tubular upwards rolling of the leaf margin.

host plants

Anacardiaceae, narrowly monophagous

Pistacia atlantica & subsp. mutica, khinjuk, terebinthus & subsp. palaestina.

Houard also mentions P. vera.

on Poaceae, secondary host plants

Ochlopoa annua, UK © Bob Dransfield & Bob Brightwell, InfluentialPoints

gall

Aphids at the roots.

host plants

Poaceae, oligophagous

“Agropyron“; Agrostis capillaris; Arrhenatherum elatius; Avena; Bromus; Corynephorus canescens; Dactylis, Elytrigia repens; Festuca; Hordeum vulgare; Lolium; Ochlopoa annua; Piptatherum miliaceum; Poa; Secale; Triticum.

synonym

Pemphigus follicularius Passerini, 1861; Forda follicularia; Tetraneura follicularia; Paracletus, Pemphigus, retroflexus Courchet, 1879.

inquilines

See Istrianis femoralis.

notes

In more northern parts of Europe, where the primary hosts do not occur, the species may live without host alternation on grasses. The aphids on their secondary host plants have a strong association with ants; they also hibernate in ants’ nests.

references

Barbagallo & Massimino Cocuzza (2014a), Barbagallo & Pollini (2014a), Béguinot (2003a), Blackman & Eastop (2014), Buga, Zhorov, Leshchinskaya & Stekolshchikov (2016a), Cogolludo (1921a), Danielsson (1974a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Eklo & Hofsvang (2008a), Heie (1980a), Houard (1909a), Inbar, Wink & Wool (2004a), Krzywiec (1982a), Lampel & Meier (2003a), Nieto Nafría & de Benito Dorrego (1976a), Nieto Nafría, Mier Durante, Binazzi & Pérez Hidalgo (2002a), Osiadacz & Wojciechowski (2008a), Pérez Hidalgo, Martínez Peláez & Nieto Nafría (2001a), Roberti (1983a), Salas-Remón, Llimona, Lozano ao (2015a), Schimitschek (1939a), Suay Cano & González Funes (1998c), Tavares (1905a), Tomasi (2014a), Wojciechowski, Depa, Halgoš ao (2016a), Wool & Kurzfeld-Zexer (2008a).