Hormaphis betulae (Mordvilko, 1901)on Betula
gall
on Betula
gall
Apterae 1-2 mm, pale green, strongly flattened, circular, completely surrounded by a whorl of flattened wax filaments on the underside of the leaves. Hibernation between moss.
host plants
Betulaceae, monophagous
Betula nana, pendula, pubescens.
references
Albrecht (2015a), Bachmaier (1965a), Blackman & Eastop (2017), Heie (1980a), Hellrigl (2004a), Wojciechowski, Depa, Halgoš ao (2016a).