Hormaphis betulae (Mordvilko, 1901)

on Betula

Betula pubescens, Noord-Hollands Duinreservaat, Bergen NH, 12.x.2021 © Luc Knijnsberg

detail.

gall

Apterae 1-2 mm, pale green, strongly flattened, circular, completely surrounded by a whorl of flattened wax filaments on the underside of the leaves. Hibernation between moss.

host plants

Betulaceae, monophagous

Betula nana, pendula, pubescens.

references

Albrecht (2015a), Bachmaier (1965a), Blackman & Eastop (2017), Heie (1980a), Hellrigl (2004a), Wojciechowski, Depa, Halgoš ao (2016a).