Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius, 1883)
on Abies, Picea, Pinus
female (from Hodgson & Gounari).
parasite
The scales in bark fissures on the stems, concealed by whitish wax wool. Probably fully parthenogenetic.
host plants
Pinaceae, oligophagous
Abies cephalonica, nordmanniana; Picea engelmannii, orientalis; Pinus brutia, halepensis, nigra & subsp. pallasiana, pinea, sylvestris.
phenology
Univoltine; hibernation at the second larval instar.
distribution within Europe
synonyms
Pseudococcus caricus (Gennadius, 1883).
notes
Because of its abundance and copious honey-dew production this species plays an important role in the production of “pine honey”.
references
Akkuzu, Arslangündoğdu & Selmi (2006a), Bacandritsos (2002a, 2004a), Bacandritsos, Saitanis & Papanastasiou (2004a), Hatjina & Bouga (2009a), Hodgson & Gounari (2006a), Pellizzari, Porcelli, Seljak & Kozár (2011a), Szita, Fetykó, Konczné Benedicty, ao (2017a), Ülgentürk, Çanakçioğlu & Kaygin (2004a), Ülgentürk, Evren, Ayhan ao (2012a).