Quercus infectoria, Greece, Lesvos, ix.2010 © Ben van As: old gall

gall

The gall, up to 6 cm large, derives from a cupula. The numerous filaments of the gall end in and acute point; in full-grown galls the filaments generally bear many side-branches. Young gall are carmine red and sticky.

host plants

Fagaceae, monophagous

Quercus x haynaldiana, infectoria & subsp. veneris, lusitanica, mongolica, petraea, pubescens, pyrenaica, robur.

Occasionally Quercus cerris, dalechampii, frainetto, hartwissiana.

synonyms

Cynips caputmedusae (incorrectly: caput-medusae).

parasitoids, predators

Eupelmus azureus, urozonus, messene.

notes

The sexual generation is unknown; perhaps the species is completely parthenogenetic.

references

Antov & Stojanova (2016a), Béguinot (2003a), Bellmann (2012a), Buhr (1965a), Cogolludo (1921a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Fusu (2017a), Hellrigl (2009a, 2010a, 2012a), Hellrigl & Bodur (2015a), Houard (1908a), Ilie & Marinescu (2011a), Karaca & Katılmış (2020a), Katılmış & Kıyak (2008a), Kemal & Koçak (2010a), Kollár (2007a, 2011a), Kwast (2012a, 2014a), Marković (2014a, 2015a), Melika (2006a), Melika, Csóka & Pujade-Villar (2000a), Mete & Demirsoy (2012a), Schimitschek (1939a), Shachar, Melika, Inbar & Dorchin (2018a), Tomasi (2014a).