Aulacidea follioti Barbotin, 1972
on Sonchus

Sonchus asper, Belgium, prov. Liège, Blegny © Jean-Yves Baugnée

opened gall

larva: : the weak mouthparts are characteristic for a cynipid
gall
Weak swellings, up to 8 mm thick, of the stem, preferably high in the plant. The gall contains some gall chambers with a diameter of 3 mm, that are more or less coalescing. Univoltine, hibernation and pupation in the gall.
host plants
Asteraceae, narrowly monophagous
Sonchus asper.
larva
the larva is described by Gómez Sanchez (2008a).
parasitoids, predators
Eupelmus barai, vesicularis, Eurytoma aspila, centaureae, cynipsea; Homoporus subniger; Pteromalus hieracii.
references
Askew, Plantard, Gómez ao (2006a), Bowdrey (2009a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Fusu (2017a), Gomez & Nieves-Aldrey (2012a), Gómez Sanchez (2008a), Nieves-Aldrey (2001a, 2004a), Nieves-Aldrey & Askew (2002a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a).