Aulacidea scorzonerae (Giraud, 1859)

on Scorzonera, etc.

Aulacidea scorzonerae: gall on Scorzonera austriaca

Scorzonera austriaca, gall (from Houard, 1909a)

gall

Irregular swelling of the stem, 4-8 cm long and 1 cm thick; inside a considerable number of c. 2 mm large gall chambers, each containing a white larva or pupa.

host plants

Asteraceae, oligophagous

Podospermum roseum; Scorzonera austriaca, hispanica, humilis.

parasitoids, predators

Eupelmus barai, vesicularis; Idiomacromerus mayri; Sycophila scorzonerae, submutica; Torymus chloromerus.

references

Askew, Plantard, Gómez, ao (2006a), Buhr (1965a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Fusu (2017a), Hellrigl (2009a), Hellrigl & Bodur (2015a), Houaard (1909a), Melika (2006a), Melika & Karimpour (2012a), Nieves-Aldrey (1994a, 2004a), Tomasi (2014a).