Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951

oriental chestnut gall wasp

on Castanea

Castanea sativa, France, Brittony, Arradon, 18-24.vi.2018 © Arnold Grosscurt

larvae in their individual cells

larva with ecto-parasitoid

Castanea sativa, France, Département de l’Aisne, Villers-Cotterêts, Forêt Domaniale de Retz © Stéphane Claerebout: bud gall

leaf gall, upperside

underside

opened gall with larva

Castanea sativa, Belgium, prov. Antwerp, Retie, Prinsenpark © Carina Van Steenwinkel

leaf gall

Castanea sativa, France, Val d’Oise, Saint-Leu-la-Forêt, 25.v.2018 © Pierre Duhem: gall with three gall chambers

gall

The buds are transformed into more or less globular, smooth, green or pink galls, 5-20 mm in diameter, with one or more chambers; rudiments of leaves often stick out. One generation, pupation in the gall. Old, lignified galls remain for up to two years on the tree.

hostplants

Fagaceae, monophagous

Castanea crenata, dentata, mollissima, pumila, sativa, seguinii.

larva

See Viggiani & Nugnes.

notes

Parthenogenetic, no males ever found. Species native in China, Japan, and Korea, recorded in Europe, Italy, in 2002. In 2010 the species was intercepted in the Netherlands in imported plants from Italy; the first spontaneous establishment of the species was discovered in 2015 (Moraal, 2017a). The species forms a serious threat to commercial chestnut growing both in Europe and North America. The fruit production may be reduced by 60-80%.

notes

The presence of this gall adds to the chance of infection of the tree by Cryphonectria parasitica, the causative agent of the chestnut blight.

references

Avtzis & Matošević (2013a), Bellmann (2012a), Borowiec, Thaon, Brancaccio, ao (2014a), Botta, Sartor, Torello Marinoni, ao (2011a), Doğanlar (2017a), EFSA Panel on Plant Health (2010a), Germinara, de Cristofaro & Rotundo (2011a), Hellrigl (2009a, 2010a, 2012a), Hellrigl & Bodur (2015a), Huber & Read (2012a), Kos, Lacković, Melika & Matošević (2021a), Kwast (2014a), Meyer, Gallien & Prospero (2015a), Moraal (2017a), Pellizzari (2011a), Pérez-Sierra, van der Linde, Romón-Ochoa ao (2020a), Quacchia, Ferracini & Alma (2011a), Romani, Rondoni, Gragnoli, ao (2011a), Prospero & Forster (2011a), Speranza, Stacchiotti & Paparattia (2009a), Tomasi (2014a), Viggiani & Nugnes (2010a).