Isocolus leuzeae Nieves-Aldrey & Parra, 2003

on Rhapontium

gall

Several achenes in a flower head are transformed into oval, hard, unilocular galls; the gall fuse into one mass. Galled flower heads remain small, form only a bit of pappus; the gall mass remains enclosed by the involucrum. Univoltine; the larvae hibernate in the galls, and pupate there in spring.

host plants

Asteraceae, monophagous

Rhaponticum coniferum (= Leuzea conifera).

parasitoids, predators

Adontomerus crassipes; Eurytoma strigifrons; Sycophila submutica.

references

Askew, Plantard, Gómez, ao (2006a), Gómez, Hernández Nieves, Garrido Torres, ao (2006a), Nieves-Aldrey (2012a), Nieves-Aldrey, Gómez, Hernández Nieves & Lobo (2006a), Nieves-Aldrey & Parra (2003a).