Acantholyda erythrocephala (Linnaeus, 1758)
pine false webworm
on Pinus
parasite
The larvae live more or less gregariously on about one year old branches. The eggs are deposited in rows of 3-12 on the upper side of the needles, glued to each other. There is a communal web, but within it every larvae has its own small web covered with a few faecal pellets. About ten year old trees are favoured. Pupation in the soil, not in a cocoon.
host plants
Pinaceae, monophagous
Pinus banksiana, cembra, mugo, nigra, resinosa, sibirica, strobus, sylvestris.
phenology
Generally univoltine.
distribution within Europe
references
van Achterberg & van Aarten (1986a), Beneš (2013a), Benson (1961a), Hoop (1983a), Kofler & Schedl (2010a), Midtgaard (1986a), Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer (2000a), Savina & Chevin (2012a), Schedl (1976a), Taeger, Altenhofer, Blank, ao (1998a).