Profenusa pygmaea larva

Quercus palustris, Putten, Schovenhorst: larva dorsal …

… and ventral

thorax dorsal …

… and ventral

head dorsal; the spot at left at the rear margin is connected with parasitation by Grypocentrus

the feet (p1, in this case) bear three short spines anteriorly on the coxa, and end in a short curved claw

prolegs are missing (character of Profenusa), but their position still is recognisable in the surface structure of the integument

Quercus petraea, Hungary, Mosonmagyaróvár, 24.v.2018 © László Érsek: larva, dorsal

head and thorax, dorsal

larva, ventral

head and thorax, ventral

prepupa, dorsal

prepupa, ventral

Quercus cerris, Hungary, Budapest, Hűvösvölgy, 4.vii.2018 © László Érsek: larva

same lave, ventral. Note that the spot on the metasternum is missing

Quercus robur, Belgium, Nismes: prepupa

parasitoids

Sawfly larvae are parisitised by Ichneumonidae of the genus Grypocentus. Th curved, cylindrical eggs are anchored to the head or thorax of the victim.

Profenusa pygmaea larva with Grypocentrus spec, egg

dorsal view

Quercus robur, Duin en Kruidberg. This larva has fallen victim to an entomopathogenic fungus, perhaps related with Cordyceps; a sword-like fruiting of c. 5 mm penetrated the epidermis of the mine.