Profenusa thomsoni (Konow, 1886)

Betula pubescens, Overveen
mine
Blotch, starting in the centre of the leaf. An ill-defined accumulation of frass in its first part. The blotch develops with little consideration of the major veins. Several mines may occur in a leaf, and coalesce into one large blister.
hostplants
Betulaceae monophagous
Betula alleghaniensis, papyrifera, pendula, pubescens.
phenology
Larvae in August – September (Hering, 1957a).
BENELUX
BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
NE recorded surprisingly late, by Liston (1981a).
LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
distribution within Europe
From Sweden and Finland to the Pyrenees, Italy and Bulgaria, and from Britain to Russia (Fauna Europaea, 2008).
larva
synonyms
Fenusella thomsoni; Profenusa alumna auct. nec (MacGillivray, 1923).
notes
Preference for the older leaves on the lowest branches (Lindquist, 1959a).
references
Altenhofer, Hellrigl & Mörl (2001a), Beiger (1979a), Blank ao (1998a), Buhr (1941a), Digweed (2006a), Digweed ao (2009a), Haase (1942a), Hering (1937c, 1957a), Kirichenko, Augustin & Kenis (2018a), Kozlov, van Nieukerken, Zverev & Zvereva (2013a), Kruse, Smith & Schiff (2010a), Lindquist (1959a), Liston (1981a, 1995b), Looney, Smith, Collman, ao (2016a), Lorenz & Kraus (1957a), Martin (1960a), Pieronek (1962a), Pieronek & Soltyk (1993a), Robbins (1991a), Savina & Chevin (2012a), Scobiola-Palade (1974a), Shaw (1981a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Smith (1966a, 1971a), Sønderup (1949a), Taeger, Blank & Liston (2006a), Viramo (1969a), Wahlgren (1951a), Watson (1959a), Zombori (1978a).