Betula pubescens, Overveen

mine

Blotch, starting in the centre of the leaf. An ill-defined accumulation of frass in its first part. The blotch develops with little consideration of the major veins. Several mines may occur in a leaf, and coalesce into one large blister.

hostplants

Betulaceae monophagous

Betula alleghaniensis, papyrifera, pendula, pubescens.

phenology

Larvae in August – September (Hering, 1957a).

BENELUX

BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).

NE recorded surprisingly late, by Liston (1981a).

LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2008).

distribution within Europe

From Sweden and Finland to the Pyrenees, Italy and Bulgaria, and from Britain to Russia (Fauna Europaea, 2008).

larva

synonyms

Fenusella thomsoni; Profenusa alumna auct. nec (MacGillivray, 1923).

notes

Preference for the older leaves on the lowest branches (Lindquist, 1959a).

references

Altenhofer, Hellrigl & Mörl (2001a), Beiger (1979a), Blank ao (1998a), Buhr (1941a), Digweed (2006a), Digweed ao (2009a), Haase (1942a), Hering (1937c, 1957a), Kirichenko, Augustin & Kenis (2018a), Kozlov, van Nieukerken, Zverev & Zvereva (2013a), Kruse, Smith & Schiff (2010a), Lindquist (1959a), Liston (1981a, 1995b), Looney, Smith, Collman, ao (2016a), Lorenz & Kraus (1957a), Martin (1960a), Pieronek (1962a), Pieronek & Soltyk (1993a), Robbins (1991a), Savina & Chevin (2012a), Scobiola-Palade (1974a), Shaw (1981a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Smith (1966a, 1971a), Sønderup (1949a), Taeger, Blank & Liston (2006a), Viramo (1969a), Wahlgren (1951a), Watson (1959a), Zombori (1978a).