parasite

The larva lives in the flowers, feeding on the ovary (Gielis). However, according to Hart there are two generations of which the first one bores in the basal part of the stemm, while the second one lives in the flowers.

host plants

Caprifoliaceae, monophagous

Knautia arvensis.

distribution within Europe

(PESI, 2019).

larva, pupa

See Nel.

references

Bigot, Nel & Picard (2009a), Buhr (1964b), Burger, van Frankenhuyzen, de Goffau & Ulenberg (1984a), Fazekas (1993a), Gielis (1996a), Hart (2011a), Nel (1996a), Pinzari, Pinzari & Zilli (2013a), Roskam (2019a), Sutter (1991a).