Synanthedon tipuliformis (Clerck, 1759)
currant clearwing
on (Euonymus), Ribes
Ribes rubrum, Dronten © Arnold Grosscurt: above the gall and the exit opening the shoot has died off
ejected frass
pupa in the gallery
imago
gall
the larva bores in the pith of not too old branches, that locally are swollen. Pupation in the gallery, without a cocoon.
host plants
Grossulariaceae, almost monophagous
Ribes aureum, nigrum, rubrum, uva-crispa.
Not rarely also Euonymus europaeus
Records of other host plants possibly derive from confusion with the polyphagous, similar Synanthedon spuleri.
phenology
The larva lives for one year.
distribution within Europe
larva, pupa
Larva and pupa are extensively described by Bąkowski.
references
Aistleitner (2004a), Bachelard (2014a), Bąkowski (2013b), Bąkowski, Celadyn, Hołowiński & Zajda (2011a), Bartsch (1992a), Buhr (1965a), Ebert (ed., 1997a), Grosscurt (2017a), Kusdas & Reichl (eds, 1974a), Laštůvka & Laštůvka (2001a), Predovnik (2018a), Sage (2005a), Schliesske (2002a), Žikić, Ritt, Colacci, ao (2019a).