Epinotia immundana (Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1839)
common birch bell
on Alnus, Betula
gall
From autumn till spring the larva lives in a male catkin, causing it to deform somewhat. Eventually the larva moves to a developing bud.
host plants
Betulaceae, oligophagous
larva
Pictures on Lepiforum; see also Patočka & Turčáni, Swatschek.
synonyms
Epiblema immundana.
references
Buhr (1964a), Bradley, Tremewan & Smith (1979a), Corley (2005a), Disqué (1905a), Hancock & Bland (2015b), Lepiforum (2020), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), Schütze (1931a), Swatschek (1958a).