Epinotia ramella (Linnaeus, 1758)
small birch bell
on Betula
parasite
The larva bores in a catkin or in a young shoot.
host plants
Betulaceae, monophagous
Schütze also mentions Populus, but that is not accepted by the British authors.
phenology
Univoltine.
distribution within Europe
larva
See Swatschek.
pupa
See Patočka & Turčáni.
synonyms
Steganoptycha ramella.
references
Bradley, Tremewan & Smith (1973a), Disqué (1905a), Hancock & Bland (2015b), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), Schütze (1931a), Swatschek (1958a), Thomann (1956a).