Epinotia tetraquetrana (Haworth, 1811)
square-barred bell
on Alnus, Betula
Betula pendula, Belgium, prov Namur, Viroinval, Oignies © Stéphane Claerebout: ejected frass
larva in opened gall
Alnus glutinosa, Belgium, prov. Luxembourg, Arlon, Landbruch; © Jean-Yves Baugnée
opened
gall
The young, off-white larva bores in a one year old shoot, that is weakly swollen; the gall is vacated through a hole in a leaf axil, after which it lives in a leaf roll.
hostplants
Betulaceae,oligophagous
Alnus glutinosa, incana, viridis; Betula pendula.
egg, larva, pupa
see Schmid.
synonyms
Epiblema tetraquetrana.
references
Bradley, Tremewan & Smith (1979a), Buhr (1965a), Cogolludo (1921a), Corley, Marabuto, Maravalhas ao (2011a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Disqué (1905a), Houard (1908a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Robbins (1991a), Roskam (2009a), Schmid (2019a), Szőcs (1977a), Tomasi (2014a), Žikić, Ritt, Colacci, ao (2019a).