Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
pine shoot
on Pinus
Pinus sylvestris, Belgium, prov. Liège, Theux; © Jean-Yves Baugnée
Pinus nigra, Velsen, lg Velserbeek; to judge by the branching pattern this sapling has survived infestations in earlier years.
gall
In autumn the larva hollows a bud, then hibernates, then bores in a developing shoot until summer. Damaged shoots generally die off, but when a strong shoot is involved, the leading shoot in particlar, it may continue growing, resulting in a deformed, commercially uselsess, stem.
hostplants
Pinaceae, monophagous (?)
Pinus contorta, halepensis, jeffreyi, mugo, nigra, pinea, pinaster, ponderosa, radiata, sylvestris.
Also mentioned from Abies alba, but probably only rarely on that plant.
synonyms
Evetria buoliana.
references
Bradley, Tremewan & Smith (1979a), Buhr (1965a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Huertas Dionisio (2007a), Kollár (2011a) , Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Robbins (1991a), Roskam (2009a), Schimitschek (1955a), Schwerdtfeger (1981a), Szőcs (1977a), Tomasi (2003a, 2012a, 2014a).
14/06/2015