Agonopterix carduella (Hübner, 1817)

thistle flat-body

mine

A conspicuous, elongated, large, whitish upper-surface blotch, extending on both sides of the mid-rib; most of the frass is ejected; pupation external (Robbins, 1991a).

host plants

Asteraceae, broadly oligophagous

Arctium; Carduus defloratus; Centaurea jacea, nigra; Cirsium arvense, eriophorum, helenioides, vulgare.

phenology

Larvae from late May till early July (Harper ao, 2002a).

BENELUX

Not known from the Benelux countries (Fauna Europaea, 2009).

distribution within Europe

From Britain, Germany and Estonia to the Iberian Peninsula, Sardinia, Italy, and Montenegro (Fauna Europaea, 2009).

larva

In the early stages the larvae are yellow-green (also the pinacula and anal plate; head and prothoracic plate black. Later instars look different, see Fetz, Harper ao, Rymarczyk, Dutheil & Nel.

pupa

Described by Patočka & Turčáni (2005a).

references

Fetz (1994a), Gerstberger (2000a), Hannemann (1995a), Harper, Langmaid & Emmet (2002a), Haslberger, Grünewald, Lichtmannecker, ao (2012a), Hering (1924a, 1957a), Klimesch (1959a), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), Robbins (1991a), Rymarczyk, Dutheil & Nel (2013a), Skala (1950a), Šumpich, Žemlička & Dvořák (2013a), Szőcs (1977a), Thomann (1956a), Wieser & Huemer (1997a).