Caryocolum proxima (Haworth, 1828)

meadow groundling

mine

Short, inconspicuous corridor; it is not lined with frass, remains flat therefore. Sometimes the frass is ejected, sometimes it remains in the mine as a broad pale orange central line. The older larva lives among spun leaves.

host plants

Caryophyllaceae, oligophagous

Cerastium fontanum; Stellaria media.

phenology

April, May (Hering, 1957a).

BENELUX

BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).

NE recorded (Kuchlein & Kuchlein-Nijsten, 2002b; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2010).

LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).

distribution within Europe

Probably most of Europe, but missing in Ireland (Fauna Europaea, 2010).

larva

Yellow, pronotum reddish brown (Hering, 1957a).

synonyms

Caryocolum proximum; Gnorimoschema maculiferella (Douglas, 1851).

notes

Huemer & Karsholt (2010a) point out that in the past proxima very often has been confused with C. alsinella. It therefore is quite interesting that they do not describe proxima as a leaf miner.

references

Bland, Corley, Emmet ao (2002a), Elsner, Huemer & Tokár (1999a), Hering (1957a), Huemer (1988b, 2012a), Huemer & Karsholt (2010a), Huisman, Koster, Nieukerken & Ulenberg (2003a), Klimesch (1954a), Kuchlein & Kuchlein-Nijsten (2002b), Robbins (1991a), Sønderup (1949a), Szőcs (1977a), Wimmer (1997a).