Crataegus monogya, Nieuwendam; upperside and underside

Crataegus monogya, Ede; the mine begins at an iridescent egg shell, followed by a fine lower-surface epidermal corridor

mine

The mine begins at a flat, iridescent egg shell. It starts as an epidermal corridor, widening into (and mostly overrun by) a shallow lower surface blotch in the tip of a leaf segment. The lower epidermis is off-grey with small light brown spots at first, but soon turns brown. Silk is deposited within the mine, causing it to contract. This wrinkles the lower epidermis, but there are no clear folds formed. Soon the larva starts consuming the palissade parenchyma, and the upperside of the mine than turns brown as well. Frass in loose grains. After some time the larve leaves its mine and continues living free under a downfolded leaf segment, kept in place by some spinning. Here too the leaf tissue is consumed up to the palissade parenchyma, browning the leaf.

hostplants

Rosaceae, practically monophagous

Crataegus coccinea, douglasii, flava, heldreichii, x hiemalis, laciniata, laevigata, x lavalleei, mollis, monogyna, “pectinata”, pentagyna, rivularis, spathulata; x Crataemespilus dardari, grandiflora.

Occasionally also on Amelanchier ovalis; Fragaria; Mespilus germanica, heldreichii; Sorbus aucuparia, torminalis. According to Hering (1957a) in gardens also Cotoneaster.

phenology

Mines were found from mid-June till November. Two generations; larvae were found in the UK in July and again in August – September (Emmet ao, 1985a).

BENELUX

BE recorded (Phegea, 2010).

NE recorded (Kuchlein & de Vos, 1999a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2010).

LUX recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).

distribution within Europe

Almost all Europe (Fauna Europaea, 2010).

larva

pupa

Described by Patočka & Turčáni (2005a).

synonyms

Ornix anglicella; Parornix fragariae (Stainton, 1874).

references

Ahr (1966a), Bengtsson & Johansson (2011a), Biesenbaum (2010a), Buhr (1935b, 1937a, 1964a), Buszko (1992b), Buszko & Beshkov (2004a), Corley (2005a), Deutschmann (2008a), Emmet, Watkinson & Wilson (1985a), Haase (1942a), Hellers (2017a), Hering (1921a, 1957a), Huber (1969a), Huemer (1988a, 2012a), Huemer & Erlebach (2003a), Jaworski (2009a), Klimesch (1950c, 1958c), Kollár & Hrubík (2009a), Kuchlein & Donner (1993a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), Lhomme (1934c), Maček (1999a), Nowakowski (1954a), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), De Prins (1998a), De Prins & Steeman (2013a), Robbins (1991a), Schütze (1931a), Sefrová (2005a), Skala (1941a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Szőcs (1977a, 1981a), Tomov & Krusteva (2007a), Zoerner (1969a, 1970a).