Phyllonorycter anderidae (Fletcher, 1885)
small birch midget
Betula pubescens, upperside © Rob Edmunds, UK
underside
Betula pubescens, Belgium, prov. Antwerp, Mol © Carina Van Steenwinkel
mine
Small lower-surface tentiform mine; epidermis pale green, rather weakly folded. The pupa lies without a cocoon in the mine.
host plants
Betulaceae, monophagous
Betula humilis, nana, pubescens.
Strong preference for tiny seedlings in low vegetation (Emmet ao, 19985a; van Nieukerken ao, 1993a).
phenology
Larvae in July and September – November; hibernation as pupa (Emmet ao, 1985a).
BENELUX
BE recorded (De Prins, 1998a).
NE recorded (van Nieukerken ao, 1993a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2009).
LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2009).
distribution within Europe
From Fennoscandia and northern Russia to Belgium, Austria, and the Ukraine, and from Britain to Southern Russia (Fauna Europaea, 2009).
larva
The larva never shows a dorsal orange yellow spot on the sixth abdominal segment (Emmet ao, 1985a).
pupa
synonyms
Lithocolletis anderidae; L. nanella Petersen, 1927.
references
Bachmaier (1965a), Bengtsson & Johansson (2011a), Buszko (1987a, 1992b), Deutschmann (2010a), Emmet, Watkinson & Wilson (1985a), Gregor & Patočka (2001a), Hering (1957a), Huisman & Koster (1997a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), van Nieukerken, Gielis, Huisman, Koster, Kuchlein, van der Wolf & Wolschrijn (1993a), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), De Prins (1998a), Robbins (1991a), Viramo (1962a).