Phyllonorycter connexella (Zeller, 1846)
on Populus, Salix
Populus x canadensis, Nieuw-Buinen, Buinerveense Bos, 12.x.2020 © Ben van As (together with Ph. populifoliella)
Populus x canadensis, Lauwersmeer (Gr.), 10.x.2917 © Gerrit Tuinstra
mine, upperside
underside
mine, lighted from behind
Populus x canadensis, Lauwersoog, 3.ix.2018 © Gerrit Tuinstra: opened cocoon in the mine
cremaster in dorsal and lateral view (from Gregor & Patočka)
mine
Lower-surface tentiform mine, usually between two side veins. One strong length fold. Pupa in a cocoon. Frass incorporated in the sides of the cocoon, giving the impression of two dark lines when the leaf is held against the light.
host plants
Salicaceae, oligophagous
Populus alba, x canadensis, nigra, nigra cv. “Italica”; Salix alba, x fragilis, pentandra, purpurea.
phenology
Larvae in June and October (Hering, 1957a).
BENELUX
BE not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
NE recorded (Kuchlein & de Vos, 1999a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2010).
LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
distribution within Europe
From Fennoscandia to the Pyrenees and Italy, and from France to Central Russia and the Ukraine (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
pupa
Yellowish to dark brown. The cremaster is shorter than wide, and puckered over its entire surface. Two pairs of spines. The outer, rather small, pair is curved outwards. The inner pair is very small, and curved upwards (Gregor & Patočka, 2001a; Patočka & Turčáni, 2005a).
synonyms
Lithocolletis connexella.
references
Arru (1996a), Bengtsson & Johansson (2011a), Buhr (1935b, 1937a), Buszko (1992b), Davis & Deschka (2001a), Delplanque (1998a), Deutsch (2012a), Deutschmann (2008a), Gregor & Patočka (2001a), Hering (1923a, 1957a), Huber (1969a), Huisman & Koster (1998a, 1999a), Huisman, Koster, Muus & van Nieukerken (2013a), Jaworski (2009a), Kasy (1965a), Klimesch (1950c), Kuchlein & Donner (1993a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), Nel & Varenne (2014a), van Nieukerken, Gielis, Huisman ao (1993a), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), Pröse (1995a), Schütze (1931a), Sønderup (1949a), Szőcs (1977a, 1978a, 1981a).