Phyllonorycter hilarella (Zetterstedt, 1839)
sallow midget
mine
Rather large, lower-surface tentiform mine, mostly between two side veins. The upper side is fairly strongly inflated. The underside has many narrow folds, not easily seen because of the indumentum at the underside of the leaf.Pupa light brown in a tough, golden cocoon. Frass packed in a corner of the mine. Neither mine, cocoon nor pupa can be distinguished from those of Ph. dubitella (Gregor & Patočka, 2001a).
host plants
Salicaceae, monophagous
Salix aurita, caprea, cinerea.
Primarily on S. caprea. Hartig (1939a) adds S. appendiculata, Deutsch Salix glabra. Svensson (1966a) bred the species several times from Populus tremula.
phenology
Larvae in July and September – early November (Emmet ao, 1985a).
BENELUX
BE recorded (Phegea, 2010).
NE recorded (Kuchlein & de Vos, 1999a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2010).
LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
distribution within Europe
All Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean Islands (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
pupa
synonyms
Lithocolletis hilarella; Lithocolletis, Phyllonorycter spinolella (Duponchel, 1840); Lithocolletis groenlieni Hering, 1926.
references
Baldizzone (2004a, 2008a), Bengtsson & Johansson (2011a), Buhr (1937a, 1964a), Davis & Deschka (2001a), Deutsch (2012a), Deutschmann (2008a), Emmet, Watkinson & Wilson (1985a), Gregor & Patočka (2001a), Hartig (1939a), Hering (1926b, 1957a), Huber (1969a), Huemer (1986b, 2012a), Klimesch (1950c), Kozlov & Kullberg (2006a), Kuchlein & Donner (1993a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), Kvičala (1938a), Nel & Varenne (2014a), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), De Prins (1998a), Robbins (1991a), Schmid (2019a), Schütze (1931a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Svensson (1966a), Szőcs (1977a, 1978a, 1981a).