Alnus glutinosa, Nieuwendam

same mine, lighted from behind

mine

Lower-surface tentiform mine, not longer than 20 mm, usually in the axil of a thick lateral vein, with 1 strong length fold. Pupa in a tough off-white cocoon that is fastened to the floor and the roof of the mine. (Almost) all frass is incorporated in the sides of the cocoon (visible with a loupe in backlight as two dark lines). In autumn not infrequently five or more mines in one leaf.

host plants

Betulaceae, monophagous

Alnus cordata, glutinosa, incana, rubra, viridis.

phenology

Two generations per year; larvae in June and July (van Frankenhuyzen & Freriks, 1976a).

BENELUX

BE recorded (Phegea, 2009).

NE recorded (Kuchlein & de Vos, 1999a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2009).

LUX recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2009).

distribution within Europe

Entire Europe, with exception of the Iberian Peninsula and Greece (Fauna Europaea, 2009).

larva

Pale green.

pupa

synonyms

Lithocolletis rajella; Phyllonorycter alnifoliella (Hübner, 1796); Ph. alniella (Zeller, 1946a).

parasitoids, predators

Pnigalio longulus; Sympiesis gordius, sericeicornis.

references

Ahr (1966a), Bengtsson & Johansson (2011a), Bouček (1959a), Buhr (1935a, 1964a), Buszko (1992b), Buszko & Beshkov (2004a), Deutschmann (2008a), van Frankenhuyzen & Freriks (1976a), van Frankenhuyzen & Houtman (1972a), van Frankenhuyzen Houtman & Kabos (1982a), Gregor & Patočka (2001a), Gregor & Povolný (1950a), Haase (1942a), Hering (1932a, 1947a, 1957a, 1962a), Huber (1969a), Jaworski (2009a), Klimesch (1950c), Kuchlein & Donner (1993a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), A & Z Laštůvka (2011a), Lhomme (1934b), Maček (1999a), Matošević, Pernek, Dubravac & Barić (2009a), Michalska (1976a), Nel & Varenne (2014a), Nowakowski (1954a), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), De Prins & Steeman (2011a), Robbins (1991a), Schütze (1931a), Skala (1951a), Sønderup (1949a), Stammer (2016a), Starý (1930a), Szőcs (1977a), Tourlan (1980a), Triberti & Braggio (2011a), van Wielink (2020a), Yefremova & Kravchenko (2015a), Zoerner (1969a, 1970a).