Paraswammerdamia nebulella (Goeze, 1783)
hawthorn ermine

Sorbus aucuparia, Wellerlooi: three mines

detail

detail: egg
mine
A tiny, full depth, very irregular gallery; frass only in the first section; hibernation under a tiny spinning, attached to a twig; after hibernation the larvae live free under a spinning.
host plants
Rosaceae, oligophagous
Cotoneaster horizontalis; Crataegus monogyna; Sorbus aucuparia.
phenology
Bivoltine. Mining larvae probably late in autumn; the literature does not state that explicitly.
BENELUX
BE recorded (Phegea, 2010). (Phegea, 2010).
NE recorded (Kuchlein & de Vos, 1999a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2010).
LUX recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
distribution within Europe
From Fennoscandia to the Mediterranean, and from Ireland to the Ukraine (Fauna Europaea, 2010).
larva
pupa
Described by Patočka (1999b), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a).
synonyms
Paraswammerdamia lutarea (Haworth, 1828).
references
Agassiz (1996a), Bengtsson & Johansson (2011a), Corley (2005a), Friese (1963a), Huemer (1988a), Kuchlein & Donner (1993a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), Patočka (1999b), Patočka & Turčáni (2005a), Pinzari, Pinzari & Zilli (2013a), De Prins (1998a), Robbins (1991a), Šumpich (1998a)., Wegner (2010a).