Echinochloa spec., Belgium, prov. Limburg, Beverlo, Vallei van de Grote Beek © Carina Van Steenwinkel

detail

sorus, still partly in its membrane

clumps of spores

spores

Echinochloa spec., Belgium, prov.Antwerp, Balen, Griesbroek © Carina Van Steenwinkel: sori in an old inflorescence (mid-November)

fallen sori, some burst open

gall

Individual ovaries are turned into small smut sori. When they open reddish to blackish brown spores are released, united in small clusters.

host plants

Poaceae, oligophagous

Echinochloa crus-galli, muricata; Paspalum dischichum.

synonyms

Tolyposporium bullatum Schröter, 1887.

notes

can be confused with the much more numerous Ustilago trichophora. The sorus membrane is thin and smooth in bullatus, thick and hispid in trichophora.

references

Almaraz (1998a), Buhr (1964b), Klenke & Scholler (2015a), Kruse (2014a, 2019a), Prillinger, Wuczkowski, Lopandic ao (2009a), Savchenko, Carris, Castlebury ao (2014b), Savchenko & Heluta (2012a), Scholz & Scholz (2013a), Tomasi (2014a), Vanderweyen & Fraiture (2014a), Vánky (1994a), Vánky & Abbasi (2013a).