Synchytrium aureum Schröter, 1870

polyphagous

gall

numerous, hypophyllous, hyaline yellow, less than 0.5 mm large, hard multicellular warts, usually in groups, on the leaves just above the ground, usually hypophyllous. The content is golden yellow. Each gall consists of a strongly enlarged central cell that contains a single resting sporangium, surrounded by a number of less strongly enlarged cells.

host plants

polyphagous on herbs

Achillea ptarmica; Aegopodium podagraria; Agrimonia eupatoria, repens; Ajuga reptans; Ammi majus; Angelica sylvestris; Anthriscus sylvestris; Anthyllis vulneraria; Arctium lappa, minus; ? Asperula tinctoria; Atriplex calotheca; Bellidiastrum michelii; Bellis perennis; Betula nana, pendula, pubescens; Bidens tripartitus; Brassica; Caltha palustris; Campanula herminii; Capsella; Cardamine amara, pratensis; Carum carvi; Centaurea jacea; Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare; Chenopodium album, rubrum; Cirsium helenioides, heterophyllum, oleraceum; Clinopodium vulgare; Cornus sanguinea; Crepis alpestris, biennis; Dianthus graniticus; Daucus carota; Epilobium davuricum, hirsutum, montanum, palustre, roseum, tetragonum; Erigeron canadensis; Euphrasia “officinalis”, stricta; Fallopia dumetorum; Filipendula ulmaria, vulgaris; Frangula alnus; Fraxinus excelsior; Galeopsis tetrahit; Galium anisophyllon, boreale, palustre, saxatile; Genista tinctoria; Gentiana aquatica; Gentianella campestris; Geum urbanum, rivale; Glechoma hederacea; Hedera helix; Helianthemum ledifolium; Helosciadium nodiflorum; Heracleum sphondylium; Hippocrepis comosa; Humulus lupulus; Hydrocotyle vulgaris; Hypericum perforatum; Lactuca muralis; Lamium album; Leontodon hispidus & subsp. hastilis; Leucanthemum vulgare; Linaria vulgaris; Lipandra polysperma; Lotus corniculatus; Lysimachia nummularia, thyrsiflora, vulgaris; Medicago lupulina; Mentha aquatica, longifolia; Moehringia trinervia; Myosotis collina, ramosissima, scorpioides; Myosoton aquaticum; Odontites vulgaris; Oenanthe aquatica; Oxalis stricta; Parnassia palustris; Pastinaca sativa; Pedicularis palustris, sceptrum-carolinum, sylvatica; Persicaria bistorta, lapathifolia, vivipara; Petasites frigidus; Pilosella officinarum; Pimpinella major, saxifraga; Plantago alpina, arenaria, lanceolata, major, “psyllium”; Polygala vulgaris; Populus alba; Potentilla reptans; Primula elatior, veris; Prunella grandiflora, vulgaris; Prunus spinosa; Ranunculus acris; Raphanus; Rorippa; Rubus caesius; Salix caprea, purpurea; Salvia pratensis, x sylvestris; Sanguisorba minor, officinalis; Sanicula europaea; Scorzoneroides autumnalis; Scrophularia nodosa, umbrosa; Scutellaria galericulata; Selinum dubium; Senecio vulgaris; Serratula tinctoria; Silaum silaus; Silene flos-cuculi; Solanum dulcamara; Solidago virgaurea; Stachys officinalis; Thalictrum alpinum, flavum, lucidum, simplex, squarrosum; Thymus pulegioides & subsp. chamaedrys, serpyllum; Trifolium dubium, pratense, repens, subterraneum, thalii; Tussilago farfara; Ulmus minor; Urtica dioica, urens; Valeriana dioica, montana, officinalis; Vicia cracca; Viola calcarata, canina, hirta, reichenbachiana, tricolor; Willemetia stipitata.

notes

almost exclusively on herbs; when the fungus does occur on woody plants it considers seedlings or leaves on the ground of low branches.

references

Blumer (1946a), Brandenburger (1985a: 43, 234), Buhr (1964b, 1965a), Jage, Scholler & Klenke (2010a), Karling (1964a), Klenke & Scholler (2015a), Kruse (2019a), Maire (1943a), Negrean (1996a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roskam (2009a, 2019a), Tomasi (2014a).