Pinus sylvestris, Belgium, prov. Liège, Gemmenich: aecia; © Jean-Yves Baugnée: aecia

gall

aecia purse-shaped, flattened, often several in a row, epiphyllous

spermogonia, aecia

Pinaceae, monophagous

Pinus mugo, nigra & subsp. laricio, pinaster, sylvestris etc..

only on two-needled species,

synonyms

to collectively indicate the aecia stage of all Coleosporium species, sometimes the name Peridermium oblongisporum Fuckel, 1870, is used.

on various herbaceous plants

gall

the teliospores are arranged like basalt columns, on top covered by a layer of a waxy substance. Initially they are one-celled, but in the end meiosis takes place, resulting in a chain of four haploid cells. Each one germinates under formation of a sterigma (picture above), on top of which eventually a spore will be formed (Mims & Richardson).

uredinia, telia

see the different species within the complex. But of the following plant species it is not known by which small species they are parasitised:

Chrysanthemum; Chrysophthalmum dichotomum; Ismelia carinata.

synonyms

the following names are within Europe included in the C. tussilaginis complex: Coleosporium aposeridis, asterisci-aquatici, cacaliae, campanulae, carpesii, cerinthes, doronici, euphrasiae, inulae, kleiniae, ligulariae, melampyri, narcissi, petasitis, pulsatillae, senecionis, sonchi, telekiae, tropaeoli, tussilaginis.

notes

The European species of the genus Coleosporium are morphologically indistinguishable. However, biologically they are clearly separated by specialisation of the uredinial and telial stage on different plants. Some authors deal with the situation by taking all as a single variable species, tussilaginis (eg, Termorshuizen & Swertz), while others treat all species as independent forms (eg, Klenke & Scholler). Helfer (2013a) has proposed a solution by grouping all described species into a limited number of “formae speciales” of tussilaginis, but the result was arbitrary and not well-founded.

The relatively low number of morphological characters that in mycology are available for the discrimination of species has for many decennia fed the discussion about the ideal width of the species concept. Recent molecular studies have shown that in most cases a narrow species concept is to be favoured. Awaiting such a study of the genus Coleosporium it seems advisable, and biologically also most informative, to consider the species described in the past as valid ones.

In fairness it must be noted that Maier ao (2003a) did not find differences in the DNA of C. cacaliae, campanula and tussilaginis; but their study was aimed at the rust fungi as a group, not on this particular genus.

predators

Mycodiplosis coniophaga, tussilaginis.

hyperparasitoids

Ramularia coleosporii; Tuberculina persicina.

references

Bahcecioglu & Kabaktepe (2012a), Beltran Tejera (1976a), Brandenburger (1985a: 23, 635, 652), Doppelbaur & Doppelbaur (1968a, 1973a), Ellis & Ellis (1997a), Gäumann (1959a), Gjaerum (1970a, 1982a, 1986a, 1987a), Gjaerum & Sunding (1986a), Heger & Böhner (2006a), Helfer (2003a), Henderson (2000a, 2004a), Henricot & Denton (2004a), Jost (1987a), Karadžić & Milijašević (2008a), Kozłowska, Mułenko & Heluta (2015a), Kruse (2014a, 2019a), Kruse & Jage (2014a), Ludwig (1974a), Maier, Begerow, Weiß & Oberwinkler (2003a), Mims & Richardson (2005a), Mułenko, Sałata & Wołczańska (1995a), Negrean (1996a, 1997a), Poelt & Zwetko (1997a), Preece & Hick (1994a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Riegler-Hager (2002b), Ruszkiewicz-Michalska (2006a), Ruszkiewicz-Michalska, Bałazy, Chełkowski, ao (2015a), Schmid-Heckel (1985a), Termorshuizen & Swertz (2011a), Tomasi (2003a), Tunali, Yildirim, Aime, Hernández & Berner (2005a), Vanderweyen & Fraiture (2007a), Woods, Stringer, Evans & Chater (2015a).