Phragmidium violaceum (Schultz) Winter, 1880
on Rubus
Rubus fruticosus, Hungary, Budapest, Hűvösvölgy, 27.v.2019 © László Érsek
same leaf, underside, with uredinia. Note the white margin of the uredinia (paraphyses)
22.viii.2018; leaf with uredinia and telia
telium, detail
Rubus fruticosus, Vierhouten, Tureberg © Arnold Grosscurt
underside of the leaf, with uredinia
Rubus fruticosus, Vragenderveen: upper side and underside of a leaf with uredinia
uredinium
telium (to the left also an uredinium)
urediniospore; diameter 22 µm
teliospores; length 82 µm
gall
no alternation of host plant. Aecia, uredinia, and telia hypophyllous, causing an intense violet spot at the reverse side. Aecia also on violet-lined swellings of the stems. Aecia without a peridium but surrounded by a circle of hyaline, sausage-shaped curved paraphyses; spores produced in chains, spinulose. Uredinia equally encircled by paraphyses, spores single, pedicellate. Telia black; spores long pedicellate, elliptic, dark brown, transversely divided into 3-5 verrucose cells, terminated by a short but well-defined apiculus; each cell with 2-4 germination pores.
host plants
Rosaceae, monophagous
Rubus bifrons, bollei, caesius, canescens, fruticosus, grabowskii, hirtus, laciniatus, lanuginosus, plicatus, sanctus, silvaticus, ulmifolius, ursinus var. loganobaccus.
references
Bahcecioglu & Kabaktepe (2012a), Bahçecioğlu, Kabaktepe & Yildiz (2006a), Beltran Tejera (1976a), Brandenburger (1972a, 1985a), Buhr (1965a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Dervis, Tok & Gunduz (2010a), Ellis & Ellis (1997a), Gäumann (1959a), Gjaerum (1982a, 1987a), Gjaerum & Dennis (1976a), Gjaerum & Sunding (1986a), González-Fragoso (1925a), Helfer (2005a), Henderson (2000a), Jage, Klenke, Kruse ao (2016a), Jage, Kruse, Kummer ao (2013a), Jørstad (1953a), Kozłowska, Mułenko & Heluta (2015a), Kruse (2014a, 2019a), Kruse & Jage (2014a), Llorens i Villagrasa (1984a), Maier, Begerow, Weiß & Oberwinkler (2003a), Pellicier (2001a), Petrova & Denchev (2004a), Poelt & Zwetko (1997a), Preece & Hick (1994a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Riegler-Hager (2000a), Ritz, Maier, Oberwinkler & Wissemann (2005a), Roskam (2009a), Ruszkiewicz-Michalska (2006a), Sadravi, Ono, Pei & Rahnama (2007a), Savchenko, Heluta, Wasser & Nevo (2014c), Savchenko, Wasser, Heluta & Nevo (2019a), Schmid-Heckel (1985a), Schön (2014a), Scholler, Reinhard & Schubert (1996a), Termorshuizen & Swertz (2011a), Unamuno (1941b, 1942a), Vanderweyen & Fraiture (2007a), Wilson & Henderson (1966a), Woods, Stringer, Evans & Chater (2015a).